Civil Liberties

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Civil Rights, Affirmative Action, and Discrimination

Issues concerning race, racism, and equal opportunity status. Includes information on the Fourteenth Amendment, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and other relevant legislation.
Black and Tan Coalition
Definition of the term black and tan coalition.
Benjamin Todd Jealous
Profile of Benjamin Todd Jealous (Ben Jealous), President/CEO of the NAACP.
The Sean Bell Shooting and the NYPD Trial
The Sean Bell shooting and NYPD trial, summarized.
The Jena Six
jena six
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
A profile of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
National Council of La Raza (NCLR)
A profile of the National Council of La Raza (NCLR).
All About Racial Discrimination
In prisons and voting, on deserted ghetto street corners and in the halls of power, racial discrimination is destructive, pervasive, and very, very real. Equality has not been achieved, discrimination has not ended, and the civil rights movement is not over.
Bruce Gordon Resigns as President of the NAACP
Bruce Gordon has resigned as president of the NAACP.
Civil Rights History 101
An illustrated history of black civil rights in America, from 1528 to the present day.
McLaughlin v. State of Florida (1964): Can a State Ban Interracial Marriage?
A summary of McLaughlin v. State of Florida (1964), the Supreme Court's second interracial relationships case.
Pace v. Alabama (1883): Can a State Ban Interracial Marriage?
A summary of Pace v. Alabama (1883), the Supreme Court's first interracial marriage case.
Racist Supreme Court Rulings
Ten astonishingly racist Supreme Court rulings.
Institutional Racism
Definition of the term "institutional racism."
Jourdon Anderson's Letter to His Old Master
Four months after the end of the American Civil War, Colonel P.H. Anderson offered his escaped slave, Jourdon, a "good chance" on the old plantation. This was Jourdon's reply.
Civil Rights Movement - E-Course
Take a free seven-day online course on the civil rights movement from About.com African-American History Guide Jessica McElrath.
A Timeline of the Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1968
A timeline of the American civil rights movement, written by African-American History Guide Jessica McElrath.
The Black Codes of 1865
About.com Guide Jessica McElrath explains how slave states responded in the immediate aftermath of the American Civil War. The Black Codes restricted the rights of newly-freed blacks so that their lives would resemble those of slaves as much as possible, and necessitated the passing of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.
Creation of the Jim Crow South
About.com African-American History Guide Jessica McElrath discusses how Reconstruction-era civil rights laws gave way to Jim Crow in the aftermath of the American Civil War.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) - The "Separate But Equal" Case
The ruling that gave us seven decades of government-mandated segregation, transcribed by African-American History Guide Jessica McElrath.
Racial Segregation Signs
An image gallery of actual segregation signs, provided by African-American History Guide Jessica McElrath.
Sample Jim Crow Laws
Actual laws enforcing Jim Crow statutes, transcribed by African-American History Guide Jessica McElrath.
The American Civil Liberties Union - Racial Justice
The ACLU's advocacy page for racial justice issues, with up-to-the-minute news, links, and special reports.
Hate Crimes and Vulnerable Communities
In reviewing the work of philosopher Martha Nussbaum, Atheism and Agnosticism Guide Austin Cline develops a solid way of explaining the justification behind hate crime statutes.

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